Introduction: Fluid balance allows visualization of fluids administered orally and intravenously and excreted through the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, quantified by a calculation revealing the body's hydroelectrolytic status. This study portrays the relevance of the competent application of fluid balance by nursing in fluid management for pediatric nephrology.

Objective: To identify the assumptions of fluid management by nursing and its impact on pediatric nephrology Methodology: This is a descriptive study, of the integrative review type, carried out through the description of published studies related to the theme of fluid balance and nursing. A total of 4 studies were analyzed in the online database Scielo, published between 2011 and 2021.

Results: The implementation of fluid balance assesses the conditions of the cellular organism in relation to the patient's hydroelectrolytic situation, reflecting the therapy performed and suggesting prognoses that describe the integral cellular homeostatic aspect. For pediatric nephrology, fluid control will imply evaluation, allowing the implementation of protocols in the conduct of care in newborns, especially premature infants who present a greater number of complications of the renal system. There is also the relevance of hydroelectrolytic evaluation in children who present complications due to severe conditions in this is due to a lack of awareness of diseases such as hypertension and kidney injury, which progress considerably to chronic impairment of the renal system. Nursing plays a fundamental role in implementing fluid balance. However, the inadequacy of established protocols in the pediatric hospital sector results in limitations to this care.

Final Considerations: In conclusion, the importance of implementing protocols that guide nursing in the evolution of fluid management in pediatric hospital sectors is highlighted, improving care in pediatric nephrology. The scarcity of Brazilian studies on this topic is noted, limiting therapeutic care and established protocols.

Jessica Matos, 9th semester nursing student at the State University of Mato Grosso – Unemat. Bianca Teshima, enfermeira, nurse, master's in environmental sciences and specialist in nephrology, university professor in the nursing course at the State University of Mato Grosso – Unemat. Shaiana Hartwig, nurse, PhD in environmental sciences and post-doctorate in public health.