The intestinal epithelium of newborns (NB) is a sensitive mucosal surface and may present exacerbated inflammatory responses to both commensal bacteria and pathogens. NB with congenital defects of the abdominal wall and abdomen submitted to surgical correction and hospitalized in Intensive Care Units are more susceptible to environmental influences, with a consequent disorder of the intestinal microbiota and possible proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Objectives: To evaluate the evolution of the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Material and Methods: 30 newborns with malformations of the abdominal wall were included, who were divided into groups according to the malformation presented: gastroschisis (n=18), omphalocele (n=8) or atresia/hernia (n=4). Results: The main genres at birth in the omphalocele and atresia/hernia group was Staphylococcus. In gastroschisis Streptococcus. The influence of fasting time on the intestinal microbiota showed that the phylum Bacteroidetes tended to have a weak positive correlation with fasting time (p=0.07). Conclussion: The results obtained may be important to understand how the colonization of the intestinal microbiota occurs in children with abdominal wall malformations and their possible clinical consequences and the interventions to improve the intestinal adaptation and quality of life of these patients.

Nadia Sandra Orozco Varga holds a PhD in Health Sciences from the Department of Pediatrics at the University of São Paulo, where she also earned her Master’s degree in Health Sciences. She currently serves as an Assistant Physician at the Neonatal Intensive Care Center II at ICR-HCFMUSP, as well as at the Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Menino Jesús Children's Municipal Hospital. In addition, she is the Coordinator of the Neonatal Unit at Carmino Caricchio Municipal Hospital. She is an active member of the Scientific Department of Breastfeeding at the São Paulo Pediatrics Society and contributes to the SPSP 1000 Days Working Group. She is also a certified instructor in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program and teaches both Term and Preterm Neonatal Transport courses.