Statement of the Problem: Cancer cells develop mechanisms to protect itself and its proliferation on its cell surface, releasing signals that avoid phagocytosis by macrophages, making it difficult to detect and combat. However, new bioengineering techniques have proven to possibility of artificially inducing detection and prior apoptosis of cancer cells through nanobiological robots that perform bonding on the membranar face, through a switchable DNA origami that hides six hexagonal pattern ligands, released in the environment carcinogenic under specific structure and PH, providing ligands or antibodies of specific members of TNFRSF (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily) to activate the machinery of apoptosis of cancer cells, and induce immunobiological factors of cytotoxicity that assist in the destruction of such cells. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: An integrative clinical literature review was conducted through the MEDLINE databases (via PubMed and Science.org), using the search strategy: “cancer AND reprogramming AND immunotherapy.” Articles published in English within the past three years were included. Duplicate studies were excluded from the final analysis. This approach aimed to synthesize recent evidence on immunotherapeutic cancer reprogramming mechanisms. Conclusion & Significance: Advances in bioengineering and the manipulation of nanotechnology have emerged as key factors in tumor prevention and control. These developments point to an advanced method of cancer therapy by artificially forcing membrane receptor activation and inducing apoptosis. Comparative analysis of DNA polymer receptor affinity, agonistic activity, and cytotoxicity revealed that a critical interligand distance of approximately 40 nm is essential to promote death receptor (DR5) clustering and subsequent apoptosis. However, precise nanodesign control is required, as studies indicate that low specificity can lead to off-target cytotoxicity in healthy tissues, potentially causing neurotoxicity and increased susceptibility to infections. Therefore, nanotechnology holds significant promise for the future of effective cancer prevention and control, offering novel pathways for targeted and safer therapeutic strategies.

Paulo César, aged 22, is currently pursuing his second year of medical school at CESMAC – Centro Universitário de Maceió, Brazil. He serves as the Director of "Furiosa", the official student medicine athletic association, and holds the position of Student Ambassador for the Medicine Program at his university. In addition, he is an undergraduate clinical research fellow affiliated with the institution’s Academic Medical Center, where he contributes to ongoing investigations in internal medicine and translational health sciences, also participating in MEDCINE, an interdisciplinary extension program focused on psychiatry and cinema. Fluent in Portuguese, English and Spanish, deeply passionate about the frontiers of genetics, immunology, nanotechnology, transplantation, and aesthetic medicine. The academic journey has been driven by a strong interest in how these fields intersect to shape the future of personalized and regenerative healthcare, by the potential of molecular innovation and bioengineering to transform clinical outcomes.