Minimally invasive surgical techniques have transformed gynecological practice by offering safer, less traumatic approaches with faster recovery compared to conventional surgery. This study aimed to critically review the literature on laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, robotic surgery, minimally invasive vaginoplasty, and endometrial ablation, highlighting their benefits, limitations, and clinical impact. A systematic review was conducted in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, including articles published in English and Portuguese. Priority was given to randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses assessing recovery time, complication rates, and patient satisfaction, with methodological quality evaluated using the GRADE system. The results showed that laparoscopy is effective in managing infertility, chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, and pelvic tumors, with shorter hospital stays, reduced postoperative pain, and lower complication rates. Hysteroscopy demonstrated high diagnostic and therapeutic precision for intrauterine pathologies, often performed on an outpatient basis with rapid recovery. Robotic surgery, although more costly, provided superior precision in complex procedures, particularly in patients with unfavorable pelvic anatomy or multiple prior surgeries. Minimally invasive vaginoplasty and endometrial ablation expanded the therapeutic arsenal, delivering satisfactory functional and symptomatic outcomes with low morbidity.

Beyond the clinical benefits, these techniques reduced hospital costs and optimized resource utilization by shortening inpatient stays. However, their successful implementation requires specialized training and continuous adaptation to new technologies. In conclusion, minimally invasive surgical techniques have established themselves as the preferred standard in modern gynecology, delivering significant improvements in safety, efficacy, and patient quality of life. These advances represent not only a technological breakthrough but also a promising path for future expansion in the surgical management of gynecological conditions.

Raissa Drielle Costa Miranda is a medical student at Centro Universitário de Adamantina (UniFAI), Brazil. Throughout her academic training, she has been actively engaged in scientific and academic activities with a focus on gynecology, obstetrics, and general surgery, participating in research projects, study groups, and both national and international scientific events. She has experience in preparing and publishing scientific works, contributing to articles and conference presentations on a wide range of medical topics, but with an emphasis on women’s health, minimally invasive surgical techniques, and evidence-based clinical practice. In addition to her academic work, she participates in university extension projects aimed at health promotion and education in local communities, enhancing her skills in patient-centered and humanized medical care. Her interests include the application of new technologies and innovative procedures to improve patients’ quality of life. Raissa is committed to continuous professional development through courses, specialized training, and participation in academic leagues, aiming for technical and scientific improvement. She aspires to integrate clinical research with medical practice, focusing on personalized medicine and comprehensive women’s healthcare.