Rakhi Sudarsanan
INHS Asvini, IndiaPresentation Title:
Comparison of the two administration modalities of subcutaneous enoxaparin injection on formation of ecchymosis
Abstract
Background: Enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, is commonly used in critical care to prevent thromboembolic disorders. However, this drug has certain side effects such as subcutaneous bruising, which is known to be the most common adverse effect of this drug. Objectives of the study were to assess the effect of administration protocol of subcutaneous enoxaparin injection on formation of ecchymosis and to find the association between administration protocol of subcutaneous enoxaparin injection on formation of ecchymosis.
Materials and Methods: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was used to compare the two administration modalities of subcutaneous enoxaparin injection on formation of ecchymosis. Ethical clearance and formal permission to conduct the study was obtained. A self- designed observation checklist was used after validation. Initial injection was administered for durations 10 sec with immediate withdrawal of needle (Control intervention) and the next injection was administered for durations of 30 sec with a 10 sec delayed needle withdrawal (Experimental intervention) to the same patient after 12 hrs. The size of ecchymosis was measured in cm and was compared after 24 hrs & 48 hrs post administration. The collected data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The comparison of ecchymosis size after 48 hours between two subcutaneous enoxaparin injection administration modalities revealed that control intervention resulted in significantly larger ecchymosis sizes compared to experimental intervention.
Conclusion: From this study, we have concluded that the 30-second injection technique with delayed withdrawal is recommended to minimize ecchymosis formation and improve patient comfort.
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